2 John 1:12

Authorized King James Version

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Having many things to write unto you, I would not write with paper and ink: but I trust to come unto you, and speak face to face, that our joy may be full.

Original Language Analysis

Πολλὰ many things G4183
Πολλὰ many things
Strong's: G4183
Word #: 1 of 26
(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely
ἔχων Having G2192
ἔχων Having
Strong's: G2192
Word #: 2 of 26
to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio
ὑμῖν unto you G5213
ὑμῖν unto you
Strong's: G5213
Word #: 3 of 26
to (with or by) you
γράφειν to write G1125
γράφειν to write
Strong's: G1125
Word #: 4 of 26
to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to describe
οὐκ not G3756
οὐκ not
Strong's: G3756
Word #: 5 of 26
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
ἠβουλήθην I would G1014
ἠβουλήθην I would
Strong's: G1014
Word #: 6 of 26
to "will," i.e., (reflexively) be willing
διὰ write with G1223
διὰ write with
Strong's: G1223
Word #: 7 of 26
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
χάρτου paper G5489
χάρτου paper
Strong's: G5489
Word #: 8 of 26
a sheet ("chart") of writing-material (as to be scribbled over)
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 9 of 26
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
μέλανος ink G3188
μέλανος ink
Strong's: G3188
Word #: 10 of 26
ink
ἀλλὰ but G235
ἀλλὰ but
Strong's: G235
Word #: 11 of 26
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
ἐλπίζω I trust G1679
ἐλπίζω I trust
Strong's: G1679
Word #: 12 of 26
to expect or confide
ἐλθεῖν to come G2064
ἐλθεῖν to come
Strong's: G2064
Word #: 13 of 26
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
πρὸς to G4314
πρὸς to
Strong's: G4314
Word #: 14 of 26
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
ὑμᾶς you G5209
ὑμᾶς you
Strong's: G5209
Word #: 15 of 26
you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 16 of 26
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
στόμα face G4750
στόμα face
Strong's: G4750
Word #: 17 of 26
the mouth (as if a gash in the face); by implication, language (and its relations); figuratively, an opening (in the earth); specially, the front or e
πρὸς to G4314
πρὸς to
Strong's: G4314
Word #: 18 of 26
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
στόμα face G4750
στόμα face
Strong's: G4750
Word #: 19 of 26
the mouth (as if a gash in the face); by implication, language (and its relations); figuratively, an opening (in the earth); specially, the front or e
λαλῆσαι speak G2980
λαλῆσαι speak
Strong's: G2980
Word #: 20 of 26
to talk, i.e., utter words
ἵνα that G2443
ἵνα that
Strong's: G2443
Word #: 21 of 26
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 22 of 26
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
χαρὰ joy G5479
χαρὰ joy
Strong's: G5479
Word #: 23 of 26
cheerfulness, i.e., calm delight
ἡμῶν our G2257
ἡμῶν our
Strong's: G2257
Word #: 24 of 26
of (or from) us
may be G5600
may be
Strong's: G5600
Word #: 25 of 26
(may, might, can, could, would, should, must, etc.; also with g1487 and its comparative, as well as with other particles) be
πεπληρωμένη full G4137
πεπληρωμένη full
Strong's: G4137
Word #: 26 of 26
to make replete, i.e., (literally) to cram (a net), level up (a hollow), or (figuratively) to furnish (or imbue, diffuse, influence), satisfy, execute

Analysis & Commentary

Having many things to write unto you, I would not write with paper and ink: but I trust to come unto you, and speak face to face, that our joy may be full. John concludes by explaining his brevity: "Having many things to write" (Greek polla echōn hymin graphein, πολλὰ ἔχων ὑμῖν γράφειν) indicates he could say much more but chooses to wait for personal communication. "I would not write with paper and ink" (Greek ouk ēboulēthēn dia chartou kai melanos, οὐκ ἠβουλήθην διὰ χάρτου καὶ μέλανος)—literally "papyrus and ink"—shows preference for direct conversation over written correspondence.

"I trust to come unto you, and speak face to face" (Greek elpizō genesthai pros hymas kai stoma pros stoma lalēsai, ἐλπίζω γενέσθαι πρὸς ὑμᾶς καὶ στόμα πρὸς στόμα λαλῆσαι) expresses John's hope for personal visit. "Mouth to mouth" (literal translation) emphasizes intimate, direct communication impossible in a letter. Face-to-face conversation allows nuance, immediate response to questions, pastoral sensitivity, and relational warmth that written words cannot fully convey.

"That our joy may be full" (Greek hina hē chara hēmōn peplērōmenē ē, ἵνα ἡ χαρὰ ἡμῶν πεπληρωμένη ᾖ) reveals the purpose: complete joy in fellowship. The perfect passive participle "having been made full" suggests joy already present but needing completion through personal interaction. John's joy in their faithfulness (verse 4) will reach fulfillment in direct fellowship. This reflects the relational nature of Christianity—truth is not merely propositional but personal, experienced in community. The apostle's pastoral heart desires not just doctrinal correctness but joyful communion with beloved believers.

Historical Context

Letter writing in the ancient world was expensive and labor-intensive. Papyrus was costly, writing required trained scribes (though John may have written personally), and delivery depended on finding trustworthy messengers willing to travel. Despite these challenges, letters were essential for communication across the Roman Empire's vast distances. Apostolic epistles often served as the primary means of teaching and guiding scattered Christian communities.

However, ancient writers recognized letters' limitations. They lacked the immediacy and intimacy of personal presence. Misunderstanding could arise from written communication that face-to-face conversation would prevent. The impersonal nature of letters meant they couldn't fully convey emotional tone or address individual situations with necessary sensitivity. Thus, Paul and John both express strong preference for personal visits when possible (Romans 15:22-24, 1 Corinthians 16:5-7, Philippians 2:24, 1 Thessalonians 2:17-18).

John's reference to "full joy" reflects the early church's understanding of Christian fellowship as essential to faith. Believers didn't merely assent to doctrines but shared life together, rejoicing in mutual commitment to Christ and His truth. The apostle's anticipated joy in visiting them mirrors God's own joy over His people (Zephaniah 3:17) and Christ's joy in bringing many sons to glory (Hebrews 2:10-11). This communal dimension of Christianity contrasted sharply with individualistic pagan religions and continues to distinguish genuine Christianity from mere intellectual assent to propositions.

Questions for Reflection